What is a common side effect of proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole are commonly used to reduce gastric acid production, providing relief for conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. One notable side effect associated with the use of PPIs is an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infections. This occurs primarily because the suppression of stomach acid can disrupt the normal gut flora, creating an environment that may allow for opportunistic infections, including those caused by Clostridium difficile.

When stomach acid is reduced, the body’s natural barrier against certain pathogens is compromised, potentially leading to overgrowth of harmful bacteria, which can result in gastrointestinal complications. Therefore, patients using PPIs may be monitored for signs of gastrointestinal infection, especially if they have other risk factors.

The other options listed do not reflect the primary side effects typically associated with proton pump inhibitors; increased appetite and weight loss are not linked to PPI use, and while dry mouth can occur, it is not as commonly highlighted as a significant concern compared to the risk of Clostridium difficile infection.